1990 Oriya Calendar
2021年6月12日Download here: http://gg.gg/uyrcl
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*1990 Oriya Calendar Image
*1990 Oriya Calendar 2020
Odia Calendar 2019. Odia Calendar 2018. More about an Odia Calendar: The people of Odisha commonly uses an Odia Calendar for Daily Panchang, auspicious days. Oriya festivals and other more details are always there in a Mini Panjika. The Oriya calendar helps from ancient times in Odisha to set all the Hindu festival dates along with Odia festivals. The calendar remains in use by Hindus in Nepal and north, west and central India. In south India and portions of east and west India (such as Assam, West Bengal and Gujarat), the Indian national calendar is widely used. With the arrival of Islamic rule, the Hijri calendar became the official calendar of sultanates and the Mughal Empire.
*1990’s Vintage Calendar mugs/ 1990’s/ Cool men’s gift/ Cool women’s gift/ gag gift/ birthday gift/ graduation gift TheAdAgency. From shop TheAdAgency. 5 out of 5 stars (224) 224 reviews $ 19.95 FREE shipping Favorite Add to vintage advent calendar jute sacks and wooden staples garland HexenbesenShop. From shop HexenbesenShop.
*This is a calendar application useful for all the people Orissa (Odisha) and all the Odia (Oriya) people living outside Odisha (Orissa). It shows all festivals important for Oriya people as well as important Indian festivals for till year 2035, including the calendar for the year 2019. The most important feature of this calendar application is that this is completely in Odia (Oriya) language.
The Panjika (IAST: Pañjikā; Odia: ପଞ୍ଜିକା; Bengali: পঞ্জিকা) is the Hindu astronomicalalmanac,[1] published in Odia, Maithili, Assamese and Bengali. In colloquial language, it is called Pānji (Odia: ପାଞ୍ଜି; Bengali: পাঞ্জি). In other parts of India it is called a panchangam. It is amongst the most popular annual books published in India and is a handy reference for observant Hindus to determine the most auspicious times for their rituals, festivals, celebrations, and pursuits of various sorts including marriage, undertaking travels, etc. It is somewhat a ready-reckoner, or the first source, before one approaches a priest or an astrologer to decide on the details.[2] Even ’non-believers’ amongst Hindus and those who are not Hindus often consult a panjika for much of the practical information it publishes. It also records Muslim, Christian and other festivals, dates of birth and death of many leading personalities and carries informative articles on astrology.[3]Odia panji[edit]1990 Oriya Calendar Image
There are six panji in Odia: Kohinoor Panji, Biraja Panji, Radharaman Panji, Bhagyadeepa Panji, Bhagyajyoti Panji, Bhagyachakra Panji.[4]Madala Panji is the first panjika in Indian regional language, starting from the 12th century. It is the main source and evidence of Odisha history. Pathani Samanta (1835-1904) has revived the Odia panjika in a scientific way.[5][6]
Madala Panji (Odia: ମାଦଳ ପାଞ୍ଜି) is a chronicle of the Jagannath Temple, Puri in Odisha. It describes the historical events of Odisha related to Jagannath and the Jagannath Temple.[1] The Madala Panji dates from the 12th century.The Madala Panji was traditionally written on a year-to-year basis. On Vijayadashami Day, the Karanas (official history writers of Puri, a caste of Odisha, involved in keeping the chronicle. The tradition of keeping this chronicle began with Odia king Anantavarman Chodaganga Dev (1078–1150).
According to the tradition, Chodaganga created 24 families of Karanas to preserve the temple records. Of these, five were entrusted with the writing and preservation of the Madala Panji. They are:
*Panjia Karan—preserves the Madala Panji
*Tadau Karan—writes the Madala Panji
*Deula Karan—enforces the Madala
*Kotha Karan—the main compiler
*Baithi Karan—assistantTwo schools of Bengali panjika-makers[edit]
There are two schools of panjika-makers in Bengal – Driksiddhanta (Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika) and Driksiddhanta (Gupta Press, PM Bagchi, etc.). They dictate the days on which festivals are to be held. Sometimes, they lay down different dates for particular festivals. For the Durga Puja in 2005, two different sets of dates came through. Some community pujas followed the Gupta Press Panjika, because of its popularity. It was with deference to convention, confirmed Pandit Nitai Chakraborty, president of Vaidik Pandit O Purohit Mahamilan Kendra. Belur Math adhered to Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika. It was Swami Vijnanananda (who became Math president in 1937–38), an astrologer, who decided that Ramakrishna Mission would follow this almanac as it was more scientific.[7]
The difference occurs because the two schools follow different calendars of luni-solar movement on which tithis are based. While Gupta Press Panjika follows 16th century Raghunandan’s work Ashtabingshatitatwa based on the 1,500-year-old astronomical treatise, Suryasiddhanta. Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika is based on an 1890 amendment of the planetary positions given in Suryasiddhanta.[7]Scientific reform[edit]
The earliest Indian almanacs date back to around 1000 BCE. It did analyse time but the calculations were not always very accurate. Suryasiddhanta, produced in that era, was the forerunner of all later day panjikas.[8]
During British rule, Biswambhar again began the work of publishing the panjika, in handwritten book form. The printed version came in 1869. Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika was first published in 1890.[8] Gupta Press follows Suryasiddhanta with the original format while the version with ’corrected’ scripture is called Visuddhasiddhanta.[9]
The Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika came into being because an astronomer Madhab Chandra Chattopadhyay, on studying the panjikas then in vogue found differences in the actual and astrological position of the planets and stars. He revised the panjika as per scientific readings. There were other people in different parts of India who also supported the approach for scientific revision of the panjika. It included such people as Pathani Samanta in Odisha and Bal Gangadhar Tilak in Pune.[10]
In 1952, a major revision of the panjika was undertaken under the aegis of the Indian government.[8]The transformation[edit]
Gupta Press, one of the Bengali panjikas, has come out in 2007 with a CD-version packed with interactive features like ’know your day’, ’daily horoscope’ and ’koshthi bichar’ (horoscope). Transformation has been staple food for the panjika. With the passage of time it has added information, like tourist attractions, pilgrim destinations, telephone codes and general information that common people seek, to make it more attractive. The format has also been made more flexible to cater to the needs of varied groups. The variants like ’directory panjika’ (magnum opus) ’full panjika’ (thinner version) and ’half panjika’ (abridged version) and ’pocket panjika’ have different price tags. The pocket panjika is a hawkers’ delight on local trains.[11]
Madan Gupter Full Panjika, which came out in the 1930s, has not changed much externally. The cover is still the same, on thick pink paper, but the inside is very different. The pages have changed from coarse newsprint to smooth white paper, the letter press has made way for offset printing, wooden blocks have been replaced by sharp photographs. The biggest difference is in the ad-editorial ratio. Previously the ads formed the bulk of the printed matter – and were pure delight. ’When there was no TV and not so many newspapers, the panjika was the place to advertise for many products. Many people bought panjikas for the ads,’ says the owner Mahendra Kumar Gupta, ’They would offer solutions to many ’incurable’ diseases.’ The 1938 edition started off with a full-page ad on an ’Electric Solution’, which promised to revive dead men. Now they publish Durga Puja timings in London, Washington and New York, based on the sunset and sunrise there.[12]
According to Arijit Roychowdhury, managing director of Gupta Press, panjika sales plunged after partition of India, as the market was lost in the eastern part of the former state. However, with innovative transformation of format and content, sales have been picking up and the overall annual market in 2007 is 2 million copies. The figure includes sales in the US and the UK.[11]
Panjikas have found their way into modern day shopping malls also. Free genogram and ecomap software. A senior official of the RPG group, Mani Shankar Mukherjee, himself a reputed author, said, ’Our Spencer’s store in Gurgaon has sold a record number of panjikas.’[11] Bengali panjikas follow the Bengali calendar and are normally out in the month of Choitro, so that people can buy it well before Pohela Baishakh.References[edit]
*^’The Panjika: The Hindu Astronomical Almanac’. bestwebbuys.com. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^Geetha Kumary, V. ’Language in India’. Language of Panchangam (Hindu Almanac). languageinindia.com. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^Bishudhasiddhanta Panjika, 1412 edition, (in Bengali)
*^’Odia calendar’. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
*^Madala Panji
*^Pathani samanta Chandra Sekar ( 1835 to 1904)
*^ abBanerjee, Sudeshna (23 May 2005). ’Almanac shaves Pujas by a day – Conflicting schedules from twin schools on Navami and Dashami’. The Telegraph. Calcutta, India. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^ abcHowlader, AR (2012). ’Panjika’. In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
*^Khanna, Rohit. ’Now Panjika in CD Format’. Financial Express, 14 April 2007. Archived from the original on 9 May 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^Bishudhasiddhanta Panjika, 1412 edition, p. ka 16, (in Bengali)
*^ abcKhanna, Rohit. ’Bengali almanacs still doing brisk business’. Financial Express, 15 April 2007. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^Bhattacharya, Chandrima (29 September 2006). ’Almanac and the man’. Calcutta, India: The Telegraph, 29 September 2006. Retrieved 15 April 2007.External links[edit]Retrieved from ’https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panjika&oldid=990933763’Why a dollar today is worth only 50% of a dollar in 1990Updated: November 12, 2020
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics consumer price index, today’s prices in 2020 are99.23% higher thanaverage prices since 1990.This means that a dollar today only buys 50.19% of what it could buy in 1990.The U.S. dollar experienced an average inflation rate of 2.32% per year during this period, causing the real value of a dollar to decrease.
In other words, $100 in 1990 is equivalent in purchasing power to about $199.23 in 2020, a difference of $99.23 over 30 years.
The 1990 inflation rate was 5.40%. The current year-over-year inflation rate (2019 to 2020) is now 1.18%1.If this number holds, $100 today will be equivalent in buying power to $101.18 next year.The current inflation rate page gives more detail on the latest official inflation rates.⌃Inflation from 1990 to 2020Cumulative price change99.23%Average inflation rate2.32%Converted amount ($100 base)$199.23Price difference ($100 base)$99.23CPI in 1990130.700CPI in 2020260.388Inflation in 19905.40%Inflation in 20201.18%Annual Rate, the Bureau of Labor Statistics CPIDownloadBuying power of $100 in 1990
This chart shows a calculation of buying power equivalence for $100 in 1990 (price index tracking began in 1635).
For example, if you started with $100, you would need to end with $199.23 in order to ’adjust’ for inflation (sometimes refered to as ’beating inflation’).
When $100 is equivalent to $199.23 over time, that means that the ’real value’ of a single U.S. dollar decreases over time. In other words, a dollar will pay for fewer items at the store.
This effect explains how inflation erodes the value of a dollar over time. By calculating the value in 1990 dollars, the chart below shows how $100 is worth less over 30 years.Download
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, each of these USD amounts below is equal in terms of what it could buy at the time:Dollar inflation: 1990-2020YearDollar ValueInflation Rate1990$100.005.40%1991$104.214.21%1992$107.353.01%1993$110.562.99%1994$113.392.56%1995$116.602.83%1996$120.052.95%1997$122.802.29%1998$124.711.56%1999$127.472.21%2000$131.753.36%2001$135.502.85%2002$137.641.58%2003$140.782.28%2004$144.532.66%2005$149.433.39%2006$154.253.23%2007$158.642.85%2008$164.733.84%2009$164.14-0.36%2010$166.841.64%2011$172.103.16%2012$175.662.07%2013$178.241.46%2014$181.131.62%2015$181.340.12%2016$183.631.26%2017$187.542.13%2018$192.222.49%2019$195.611.76%2020$199.231.85%** Compared to previous annual rate. Not final. See inflation summary for latest 12-month trailing value.
This conversion table shows various other 1990 amounts in today’s dollars, based on the 99.23% change in prices:Conversion Table: Value of a dollar todayInitial valueEquivalent value$1dollarin 1990$1.99dollarstoday$5dollarsin 1990$9.96dollarstoday$10dollarsin 1990$19.92dollarstoday$50dollarsin 1990$99.61dollarstoday$100dollarsin 1990$199.23dollarstoday$500dollarsin 1990$996.13dollarstoday$1,000dollarsin 1990$1,992.26dollarstoday$5,000dollarsin 1990$9,961.29dollarstoday$10,000dollarsin 1990$19,922.57dollarstoday$50,000dollarsin 1990$99,612.85dollarstoday$100,000dollarsin 1990$199,225.71dollarstoday$500,000dollarsin 1990$996,128.54dollarstoday$1,000,000dollarsin 1990$1,992,257.08dollarstodayInflation by City
Inflation can vary widely by city, even within the United States. Here’s how some cities fared in 1990 to 2020 (figures shown are purchasing power equivalents of $100):
*San Diego, California: 3.41% average rate, $100 → $264.70, cumulative change of 164.70%
*Seattle, Washington: 3.29% average rate, $100 → $264.14, cumulative change of 164.14%
*Denver, Colorado: 2.77% average rate, $100 → $220.84, cumulative change of 120.84%
*San Francisco, California: 2.77% average rate, $100 → $226.79, cumulative change of 126.79%
*Atlanta, Georgia: 2.61% average rate, $100 → $216.71, cumulative change of 116.71%
*Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Florida: 2.55% average rate, $100 → $212.83, cumulative change of 112.83%
*Tampa, Florida: 2.49% average rate, $100 → $204.24, cumulative change of 104.24%
*Boston, Massachusetts: 2.42% average rate, $100 → $204.97, cumulative change of 104.97%
*New York: 2.41% average rate, $100 → $204.08, cumulative change of 104.08%
*Minneapolis-St Paul, Minnesota: 2.36% average rate, $100 → $196.93, cumulative change of 96.93%
*Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas: 2.19% average rate, $100 → $191.29, cumulative change of 91.29%
*Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: 2.17% average rate, $100 → $190.31, cumulative change of 90.31%
*Houston, Texas: 2.17% average rate, $100 → $190.24, cumulative change of 90.24%
*Chicago, Illinois: 2.07% average rate, $100 → $185.09, cumulative change of 85.09%
*Detroit, Michigan: 2.07% average rate, $100 → $184.93, cumulative change of 84.93%
*St Louis, Missouri: 1.99% average rate, $100 → $180.79, cumulative change of 80.79%
San Diego, California experienced the highest rate of inflation during the 30 years between 1990 and 2020 (3.41%).
St Louis, Missouri experienced the lowest rate of inflation during the 30 years between 1990 and 2020 (1.99%).
Note that some locations showing 0% inflation may have not yet reported latest data.Inflation by Country
Inflation can also vary widely by country. For comparison, in the UK £100.00 in 1990 would be equivalent to £228.79 in 2020, an absolute change of £128.79 and a cumulative change of 128.79%.
In Canada, CA$100.00 in 1990 would be equivalent to CA$170.71 in 2020, an absolute change of CA$70.71 and a cumulative change of 70.71%.
Compare these numbers to the US’s overall absolute change of $99.23 and total percent change of 99.23%.Inflation by Spending Category
CPI is the weighted combination of many categories of spending that are tracked by the government. Breaking down these categories helps explain the main drivers behind price changes. This chart shows the average rate of inflation for select CPI categories between 1990 and 2020.
Compare these values to the overall average of 2.32% per year:CategoryAvg Inflation (%)Total Inflation (%)$100 in 1990 → 2020Food and beverages2.36101.47201.47Housing2.52111.05211.05Apparel-0.15-4.4395.57Transportation1.7266.75166.75Medical care3.94218.54318.54Recreation1.1038.84138.84Education and communication1.8472.95172.95Other goods and services3.62190.51290.51
The graph below compares inflation in categories of goods over time. Click on a category such as ’Food’ to toggle it on or off:
For all these visualizations, it’s important to note that not all categories may have been tracked since 1990. This table and charts use the earliest available data for each category.Inflation rates of specific categoriesMedical Care· Housing· Rent· Food· MoreInflation-adjusted measuresS&P 500 price·S&P 500 earnings·Shiller P/EHow to Calculate Inflation Rate for $100 since 1990
Our calculations use the following inflation rate formula to calculate the change in value between 1990 and today:×=
Then plug in historical CPI values. The U.S. CPI was 130.7 in the year 1990 and 260.388 in 2020:×=
$100 in 1990 has the same ’purchasing power’ or ’buying power’ as $199.23 in 2020.
To get the total inflation rate for the 30 years between 1990 and 2020, we use the following formula:×=
Plugging in the values to this equation, we get:×=Alternate Measurements of Inflation
The above data describe the CPI for all items. Also of note is the Core CPI, which measures inflation for all items except for the more volatile categories of food and energy.Core inflation averaged 2.29% per year between 1990 and 2020 (vs all-CPI inflation of 2.32%), for an inflation total of 97.37%.
When using the core inflation measurement, $100 in 1990 is equivalent in buying power to $197.37 in 2020, a difference of $97.37. Recall that for All Items, the converted amount is $199.23 with a difference of $99.23.
In 1990, core inflation was 5.03%.Comparison to S&P 500 Index
The average inflation rate of 2.32% has a compounding effect between 1990 and 2020. As noted above, this yearly inflation rate compounds to produce an overall price difference of 99.23% over 30 years.
To help put this inflation into perspective, if we had invested $100 in the S&P 500 index in 1990, our investment would be nominally worth approximately $1,917.29 in 2020. This is a return on investment of 1,817.29%, with an absolute return of $1,817.29 on top of the original $100.
These numbers are not inflation adjusted, so they are considered nominal. In order to evaluate the real return on our investment, we must calculate the return with inflation taken into account.
The compounding effect of inflation would account for 49.81% of returns ($954.92) during this p
https://diarynote-jp.indered.space
Part of a series on theCulture of BengalHistoryMyths
Lores
*Thakurmar Jhuli
Cuisine
Genres
Institutions
Awards
*Performing arts
Folk genres
Devotional
Classical genres
Modern genres
People
Instruments
Dance
Theater
Organizations
People
*Cinema of Bangladesh
Cinema of West Bengal
*1990 Oriya Calendar Image
*1990 Oriya Calendar 2020
Odia Calendar 2019. Odia Calendar 2018. More about an Odia Calendar: The people of Odisha commonly uses an Odia Calendar for Daily Panchang, auspicious days. Oriya festivals and other more details are always there in a Mini Panjika. The Oriya calendar helps from ancient times in Odisha to set all the Hindu festival dates along with Odia festivals. The calendar remains in use by Hindus in Nepal and north, west and central India. In south India and portions of east and west India (such as Assam, West Bengal and Gujarat), the Indian national calendar is widely used. With the arrival of Islamic rule, the Hijri calendar became the official calendar of sultanates and the Mughal Empire.
*1990’s Vintage Calendar mugs/ 1990’s/ Cool men’s gift/ Cool women’s gift/ gag gift/ birthday gift/ graduation gift TheAdAgency. From shop TheAdAgency. 5 out of 5 stars (224) 224 reviews $ 19.95 FREE shipping Favorite Add to vintage advent calendar jute sacks and wooden staples garland HexenbesenShop. From shop HexenbesenShop.
*This is a calendar application useful for all the people Orissa (Odisha) and all the Odia (Oriya) people living outside Odisha (Orissa). It shows all festivals important for Oriya people as well as important Indian festivals for till year 2035, including the calendar for the year 2019. The most important feature of this calendar application is that this is completely in Odia (Oriya) language.
The Panjika (IAST: Pañjikā; Odia: ପଞ୍ଜିକା; Bengali: পঞ্জিকা) is the Hindu astronomicalalmanac,[1] published in Odia, Maithili, Assamese and Bengali. In colloquial language, it is called Pānji (Odia: ପାଞ୍ଜି; Bengali: পাঞ্জি). In other parts of India it is called a panchangam. It is amongst the most popular annual books published in India and is a handy reference for observant Hindus to determine the most auspicious times for their rituals, festivals, celebrations, and pursuits of various sorts including marriage, undertaking travels, etc. It is somewhat a ready-reckoner, or the first source, before one approaches a priest or an astrologer to decide on the details.[2] Even ’non-believers’ amongst Hindus and those who are not Hindus often consult a panjika for much of the practical information it publishes. It also records Muslim, Christian and other festivals, dates of birth and death of many leading personalities and carries informative articles on astrology.[3]Odia panji[edit]1990 Oriya Calendar Image
There are six panji in Odia: Kohinoor Panji, Biraja Panji, Radharaman Panji, Bhagyadeepa Panji, Bhagyajyoti Panji, Bhagyachakra Panji.[4]Madala Panji is the first panjika in Indian regional language, starting from the 12th century. It is the main source and evidence of Odisha history. Pathani Samanta (1835-1904) has revived the Odia panjika in a scientific way.[5][6]
Madala Panji (Odia: ମାଦଳ ପାଞ୍ଜି) is a chronicle of the Jagannath Temple, Puri in Odisha. It describes the historical events of Odisha related to Jagannath and the Jagannath Temple.[1] The Madala Panji dates from the 12th century.The Madala Panji was traditionally written on a year-to-year basis. On Vijayadashami Day, the Karanas (official history writers of Puri, a caste of Odisha, involved in keeping the chronicle. The tradition of keeping this chronicle began with Odia king Anantavarman Chodaganga Dev (1078–1150).
According to the tradition, Chodaganga created 24 families of Karanas to preserve the temple records. Of these, five were entrusted with the writing and preservation of the Madala Panji. They are:
*Panjia Karan—preserves the Madala Panji
*Tadau Karan—writes the Madala Panji
*Deula Karan—enforces the Madala
*Kotha Karan—the main compiler
*Baithi Karan—assistantTwo schools of Bengali panjika-makers[edit]
There are two schools of panjika-makers in Bengal – Driksiddhanta (Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika) and Driksiddhanta (Gupta Press, PM Bagchi, etc.). They dictate the days on which festivals are to be held. Sometimes, they lay down different dates for particular festivals. For the Durga Puja in 2005, two different sets of dates came through. Some community pujas followed the Gupta Press Panjika, because of its popularity. It was with deference to convention, confirmed Pandit Nitai Chakraborty, president of Vaidik Pandit O Purohit Mahamilan Kendra. Belur Math adhered to Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika. It was Swami Vijnanananda (who became Math president in 1937–38), an astrologer, who decided that Ramakrishna Mission would follow this almanac as it was more scientific.[7]
The difference occurs because the two schools follow different calendars of luni-solar movement on which tithis are based. While Gupta Press Panjika follows 16th century Raghunandan’s work Ashtabingshatitatwa based on the 1,500-year-old astronomical treatise, Suryasiddhanta. Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika is based on an 1890 amendment of the planetary positions given in Suryasiddhanta.[7]Scientific reform[edit]
The earliest Indian almanacs date back to around 1000 BCE. It did analyse time but the calculations were not always very accurate. Suryasiddhanta, produced in that era, was the forerunner of all later day panjikas.[8]
During British rule, Biswambhar again began the work of publishing the panjika, in handwritten book form. The printed version came in 1869. Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika was first published in 1890.[8] Gupta Press follows Suryasiddhanta with the original format while the version with ’corrected’ scripture is called Visuddhasiddhanta.[9]
The Bisuddhasiddhanta Panjika came into being because an astronomer Madhab Chandra Chattopadhyay, on studying the panjikas then in vogue found differences in the actual and astrological position of the planets and stars. He revised the panjika as per scientific readings. There were other people in different parts of India who also supported the approach for scientific revision of the panjika. It included such people as Pathani Samanta in Odisha and Bal Gangadhar Tilak in Pune.[10]
In 1952, a major revision of the panjika was undertaken under the aegis of the Indian government.[8]The transformation[edit]
Gupta Press, one of the Bengali panjikas, has come out in 2007 with a CD-version packed with interactive features like ’know your day’, ’daily horoscope’ and ’koshthi bichar’ (horoscope). Transformation has been staple food for the panjika. With the passage of time it has added information, like tourist attractions, pilgrim destinations, telephone codes and general information that common people seek, to make it more attractive. The format has also been made more flexible to cater to the needs of varied groups. The variants like ’directory panjika’ (magnum opus) ’full panjika’ (thinner version) and ’half panjika’ (abridged version) and ’pocket panjika’ have different price tags. The pocket panjika is a hawkers’ delight on local trains.[11]
Madan Gupter Full Panjika, which came out in the 1930s, has not changed much externally. The cover is still the same, on thick pink paper, but the inside is very different. The pages have changed from coarse newsprint to smooth white paper, the letter press has made way for offset printing, wooden blocks have been replaced by sharp photographs. The biggest difference is in the ad-editorial ratio. Previously the ads formed the bulk of the printed matter – and were pure delight. ’When there was no TV and not so many newspapers, the panjika was the place to advertise for many products. Many people bought panjikas for the ads,’ says the owner Mahendra Kumar Gupta, ’They would offer solutions to many ’incurable’ diseases.’ The 1938 edition started off with a full-page ad on an ’Electric Solution’, which promised to revive dead men. Now they publish Durga Puja timings in London, Washington and New York, based on the sunset and sunrise there.[12]
According to Arijit Roychowdhury, managing director of Gupta Press, panjika sales plunged after partition of India, as the market was lost in the eastern part of the former state. However, with innovative transformation of format and content, sales have been picking up and the overall annual market in 2007 is 2 million copies. The figure includes sales in the US and the UK.[11]
Panjikas have found their way into modern day shopping malls also. Free genogram and ecomap software. A senior official of the RPG group, Mani Shankar Mukherjee, himself a reputed author, said, ’Our Spencer’s store in Gurgaon has sold a record number of panjikas.’[11] Bengali panjikas follow the Bengali calendar and are normally out in the month of Choitro, so that people can buy it well before Pohela Baishakh.References[edit]
*^’The Panjika: The Hindu Astronomical Almanac’. bestwebbuys.com. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^Geetha Kumary, V. ’Language in India’. Language of Panchangam (Hindu Almanac). languageinindia.com. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^Bishudhasiddhanta Panjika, 1412 edition, (in Bengali)
*^’Odia calendar’. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
*^Madala Panji
*^Pathani samanta Chandra Sekar ( 1835 to 1904)
*^ abBanerjee, Sudeshna (23 May 2005). ’Almanac shaves Pujas by a day – Conflicting schedules from twin schools on Navami and Dashami’. The Telegraph. Calcutta, India. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^ abcHowlader, AR (2012). ’Panjika’. In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
*^Khanna, Rohit. ’Now Panjika in CD Format’. Financial Express, 14 April 2007. Archived from the original on 9 May 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^Bishudhasiddhanta Panjika, 1412 edition, p. ka 16, (in Bengali)
*^ abcKhanna, Rohit. ’Bengali almanacs still doing brisk business’. Financial Express, 15 April 2007. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
*^Bhattacharya, Chandrima (29 September 2006). ’Almanac and the man’. Calcutta, India: The Telegraph, 29 September 2006. Retrieved 15 April 2007.External links[edit]Retrieved from ’https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panjika&oldid=990933763’Why a dollar today is worth only 50% of a dollar in 1990Updated: November 12, 2020
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics consumer price index, today’s prices in 2020 are99.23% higher thanaverage prices since 1990.This means that a dollar today only buys 50.19% of what it could buy in 1990.The U.S. dollar experienced an average inflation rate of 2.32% per year during this period, causing the real value of a dollar to decrease.
In other words, $100 in 1990 is equivalent in purchasing power to about $199.23 in 2020, a difference of $99.23 over 30 years.
The 1990 inflation rate was 5.40%. The current year-over-year inflation rate (2019 to 2020) is now 1.18%1.If this number holds, $100 today will be equivalent in buying power to $101.18 next year.The current inflation rate page gives more detail on the latest official inflation rates.⌃Inflation from 1990 to 2020Cumulative price change99.23%Average inflation rate2.32%Converted amount ($100 base)$199.23Price difference ($100 base)$99.23CPI in 1990130.700CPI in 2020260.388Inflation in 19905.40%Inflation in 20201.18%Annual Rate, the Bureau of Labor Statistics CPIDownloadBuying power of $100 in 1990
This chart shows a calculation of buying power equivalence for $100 in 1990 (price index tracking began in 1635).
For example, if you started with $100, you would need to end with $199.23 in order to ’adjust’ for inflation (sometimes refered to as ’beating inflation’).
When $100 is equivalent to $199.23 over time, that means that the ’real value’ of a single U.S. dollar decreases over time. In other words, a dollar will pay for fewer items at the store.
This effect explains how inflation erodes the value of a dollar over time. By calculating the value in 1990 dollars, the chart below shows how $100 is worth less over 30 years.Download
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, each of these USD amounts below is equal in terms of what it could buy at the time:Dollar inflation: 1990-2020YearDollar ValueInflation Rate1990$100.005.40%1991$104.214.21%1992$107.353.01%1993$110.562.99%1994$113.392.56%1995$116.602.83%1996$120.052.95%1997$122.802.29%1998$124.711.56%1999$127.472.21%2000$131.753.36%2001$135.502.85%2002$137.641.58%2003$140.782.28%2004$144.532.66%2005$149.433.39%2006$154.253.23%2007$158.642.85%2008$164.733.84%2009$164.14-0.36%2010$166.841.64%2011$172.103.16%2012$175.662.07%2013$178.241.46%2014$181.131.62%2015$181.340.12%2016$183.631.26%2017$187.542.13%2018$192.222.49%2019$195.611.76%2020$199.231.85%** Compared to previous annual rate. Not final. See inflation summary for latest 12-month trailing value.
This conversion table shows various other 1990 amounts in today’s dollars, based on the 99.23% change in prices:Conversion Table: Value of a dollar todayInitial valueEquivalent value$1dollarin 1990$1.99dollarstoday$5dollarsin 1990$9.96dollarstoday$10dollarsin 1990$19.92dollarstoday$50dollarsin 1990$99.61dollarstoday$100dollarsin 1990$199.23dollarstoday$500dollarsin 1990$996.13dollarstoday$1,000dollarsin 1990$1,992.26dollarstoday$5,000dollarsin 1990$9,961.29dollarstoday$10,000dollarsin 1990$19,922.57dollarstoday$50,000dollarsin 1990$99,612.85dollarstoday$100,000dollarsin 1990$199,225.71dollarstoday$500,000dollarsin 1990$996,128.54dollarstoday$1,000,000dollarsin 1990$1,992,257.08dollarstodayInflation by City
Inflation can vary widely by city, even within the United States. Here’s how some cities fared in 1990 to 2020 (figures shown are purchasing power equivalents of $100):
*San Diego, California: 3.41% average rate, $100 → $264.70, cumulative change of 164.70%
*Seattle, Washington: 3.29% average rate, $100 → $264.14, cumulative change of 164.14%
*Denver, Colorado: 2.77% average rate, $100 → $220.84, cumulative change of 120.84%
*San Francisco, California: 2.77% average rate, $100 → $226.79, cumulative change of 126.79%
*Atlanta, Georgia: 2.61% average rate, $100 → $216.71, cumulative change of 116.71%
*Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Florida: 2.55% average rate, $100 → $212.83, cumulative change of 112.83%
*Tampa, Florida: 2.49% average rate, $100 → $204.24, cumulative change of 104.24%
*Boston, Massachusetts: 2.42% average rate, $100 → $204.97, cumulative change of 104.97%
*New York: 2.41% average rate, $100 → $204.08, cumulative change of 104.08%
*Minneapolis-St Paul, Minnesota: 2.36% average rate, $100 → $196.93, cumulative change of 96.93%
*Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas: 2.19% average rate, $100 → $191.29, cumulative change of 91.29%
*Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: 2.17% average rate, $100 → $190.31, cumulative change of 90.31%
*Houston, Texas: 2.17% average rate, $100 → $190.24, cumulative change of 90.24%
*Chicago, Illinois: 2.07% average rate, $100 → $185.09, cumulative change of 85.09%
*Detroit, Michigan: 2.07% average rate, $100 → $184.93, cumulative change of 84.93%
*St Louis, Missouri: 1.99% average rate, $100 → $180.79, cumulative change of 80.79%
San Diego, California experienced the highest rate of inflation during the 30 years between 1990 and 2020 (3.41%).
St Louis, Missouri experienced the lowest rate of inflation during the 30 years between 1990 and 2020 (1.99%).
Note that some locations showing 0% inflation may have not yet reported latest data.Inflation by Country
Inflation can also vary widely by country. For comparison, in the UK £100.00 in 1990 would be equivalent to £228.79 in 2020, an absolute change of £128.79 and a cumulative change of 128.79%.
In Canada, CA$100.00 in 1990 would be equivalent to CA$170.71 in 2020, an absolute change of CA$70.71 and a cumulative change of 70.71%.
Compare these numbers to the US’s overall absolute change of $99.23 and total percent change of 99.23%.Inflation by Spending Category
CPI is the weighted combination of many categories of spending that are tracked by the government. Breaking down these categories helps explain the main drivers behind price changes. This chart shows the average rate of inflation for select CPI categories between 1990 and 2020.
Compare these values to the overall average of 2.32% per year:CategoryAvg Inflation (%)Total Inflation (%)$100 in 1990 → 2020Food and beverages2.36101.47201.47Housing2.52111.05211.05Apparel-0.15-4.4395.57Transportation1.7266.75166.75Medical care3.94218.54318.54Recreation1.1038.84138.84Education and communication1.8472.95172.95Other goods and services3.62190.51290.51
The graph below compares inflation in categories of goods over time. Click on a category such as ’Food’ to toggle it on or off:
For all these visualizations, it’s important to note that not all categories may have been tracked since 1990. This table and charts use the earliest available data for each category.Inflation rates of specific categoriesMedical Care· Housing· Rent· Food· MoreInflation-adjusted measuresS&P 500 price·S&P 500 earnings·Shiller P/EHow to Calculate Inflation Rate for $100 since 1990
Our calculations use the following inflation rate formula to calculate the change in value between 1990 and today:×=
Then plug in historical CPI values. The U.S. CPI was 130.7 in the year 1990 and 260.388 in 2020:×=
$100 in 1990 has the same ’purchasing power’ or ’buying power’ as $199.23 in 2020.
To get the total inflation rate for the 30 years between 1990 and 2020, we use the following formula:×=
Plugging in the values to this equation, we get:×=Alternate Measurements of Inflation
The above data describe the CPI for all items. Also of note is the Core CPI, which measures inflation for all items except for the more volatile categories of food and energy.Core inflation averaged 2.29% per year between 1990 and 2020 (vs all-CPI inflation of 2.32%), for an inflation total of 97.37%.
When using the core inflation measurement, $100 in 1990 is equivalent in buying power to $197.37 in 2020, a difference of $97.37. Recall that for All Items, the converted amount is $199.23 with a difference of $99.23.
In 1990, core inflation was 5.03%.Comparison to S&P 500 Index
The average inflation rate of 2.32% has a compounding effect between 1990 and 2020. As noted above, this yearly inflation rate compounds to produce an overall price difference of 99.23% over 30 years.
To help put this inflation into perspective, if we had invested $100 in the S&P 500 index in 1990, our investment would be nominally worth approximately $1,917.29 in 2020. This is a return on investment of 1,817.29%, with an absolute return of $1,817.29 on top of the original $100.
These numbers are not inflation adjusted, so they are considered nominal. In order to evaluate the real return on our investment, we must calculate the return with inflation taken into account.
The compounding effect of inflation would account for 49.81% of returns ($954.92) during this p
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